1.4542 ss seamless tube

Precipitation hardening stainless steels are steels containing chromium and nickel that offer the best combination of properties of martensitic and austenitic steel grades. Like martensitic stainless steels, they are known for their ability to achieve high strength through heat treatment and also have the corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels.
The high tensile strength of precipitation-hardened stainless steels comes from a heat treatment process that results in precipitation hardening of a martensite or austenitic matrix. Hardening is achieved by adding one or more of copper, aluminum, titanium, niobium and molybdenum.
The most well-known precipitation hardening steel is 17-4 PH. The name comes from the addition of 17% chromium and 4% nickel. It also contains 4% copper and 0.3% niobium. 17-4 PH is also known as stainless steel grade 630.
The advantage of precipitation hardened steels is that they can be supplied in a "solution treated" state, which is easily machined. A single low-temperature heat treatment can be applied to increase the strength of steel after machining or other manufacturing methods. This is called aging or age hardening. Since it's done at low temperatures, the parts won't deform.

Chemical Composition

1.4542 X5CrNiCuNb16-4	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Mo	Ni	V
min.	bis	bis	bis	bis	bis	15,0	bis	3,0
max.	0,07	0,7	1,0	0,025	0,015	17,0	0,6	5,0

1.4542 X5CrNiCuNb16-4	Al	Cu	N	Nb	Ti	Sonstiges
min.		3,0		5xC
max.		5,0		0,45

product feature

Depending on the final microstructure after heat treatment, precipitation hardened steels can be classified into one of three groups. The three types are: martensite (e.g. 17-4 PH), semi-austenitic (e.g. 17-7 PH), and austenite (e.g. A-286).

martensitic alloy
Martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steels have a predominantly austenitic structure at annealing temperatures around 1040 to 1065°C. After cooling to room temperature, they undergo a transformation, transforming austenite into martensite.

semi-austenitic alloy
Unlike martensitic precipitation hardening steels, annealed semi-austenitic precipitation hardening steels are soft enough to be cold worked. Semi-austenitic steel retains its austenitic structure at room temperature, but martensite forms at very low temperatures.

Austenitic alloy
Austenitic precipitation hardened steel retains its austenitic structure after annealing and age hardening. At annealing temperatures of 1095 to 1120°C, the precipitation hardening phase is soluble. It remains in solution during rapid cooling. When reheated to 650 to 760°C, precipitation occurs. This increases the material's hardness and strength. Still less hard than martensitic or semi-austenitic precipitation hardened steels. Austenitic alloys remain non-magnetic.

strength
The yield strength of precipitation hardened stainless steel is 515 to 1415 MPa. Tensile strengths range from 860 to 1520 MPa. Elongation is 1% to 25%. Cold working before aging can be used to achieve higher strength.

application

17-4 PH provides an excellent combination of high strength, good mechanical properties, good corrosion resistance, excellent wear resistance and good toughness at temperatures up to 310°C. 17-4 PH is used in the chemical, petrochemical, paper and general metal processing industries. Approved by NACE only for use in restricted components and environments.

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